外国文学教学中经典作品的解读策略——以《哈姆雷特》为例

Interpreting Strategies of Classics in Foreign Literature Teaching —— Taking Hamlet as an Example

作为汉语言文学专业的核心课程,外国文学重在引导学生研读世界经典文学作品。莎士比亚的经典名作《哈姆雷特》是很有代表性的教学个案,以之为例,可以见出在教学中首先应让学生真正回到文本,避免教材中干枯的引介和错误的讲解;其次从批评史的角度拓宽学生的思考视野,从过往的批评解读经验中总结出尽可能完备的见解;最后,在历史相对性和真理恒久性的有机结合中,实现文学传承,让经典真正成为经典。只有进行真正的传承,才能让经典在当下焕发新颜。

As one of the core curriculums of the Chinese language and literature,foreign literature focused on induct students to study world literature classics.Hamlet,William Shakespeare’s famous play,is a representative example to show such three steps in the process of teaching.Firstly,by leading students actually returns to literary texts,we can turn away the abstract introduction and wrong interpretation from textbooks.Secondly,we should open up new horizons for students from the perspectives of critical history,so they can draw abundance of views from critical interpreting experiences in past.Finally,we should carry out the literature transferring and inheriting in the light of historical relativity and the immutability of truth,then the classics can be accepted as classics.Classics must be effectively transferred and inherited if they want to get new life at the present time.