民用飞机机载电子系统分布式体系架构研究

Research on onboard electronic system distributed architecture of civil aircraft

为了解决机载电子系统处理平台高度综合带来系统资源竞争及深度耦合的问题,将系统综合扩展到前端机电领域,采用分布式综合模块化机载电子系统(DIMA)架构理念,把计算资源分离到与信号源相近的区域,以分离式小机柜取代集中式大机柜,采用高速总线进行分布式机柜互联,重点分析了航电全双工交换式以太网(AFDX网络)、时间触发式以太网(TTE网络)、基于以太网的无源光网络(EPON网络)在DIMA系统中的应用,对比了这3种总线网络技术特点,最后以空客分布式机载电子系统架构为例分析了分布式机载电子系统架构的优势和特点.通过采用DIMA系统架构,解决了机载电子系统处理平台资源竞争和深度耦合问题,同时简化了背板结构,在民用飞机上具有广阔的应用空间.

In order to solve the resource conflict and systematic coupling problem that the integra- tion of onboard process system platform brings, the integration of mechanical and electronical system was promoted, distributed integration modular avionics system（DIMA） was used, the process modular was distributed near to signal source, the big cabinet of integrated avionics sys- tem was replaced using distributed small cabinet of DIMA, these small cabinets were connected using high speed data bus, the avionics full duplex switched ethernet（AFDX）, time-trigger ether- net （TTE network） and ethernet passive optical network（EPON） were selectively analyzed in the application of DIMA system, and theirs technology characteristic were compared, it＇s advantage and characteristic based on AIRBUS DIMA system were analyzed based on the architecture of DI- MA. By using the architecture of DIMA, the resource conflict and systematic coupling problem can be resolved, at same time, the structure of back board of process cabinet can be simplified, can be widely used in civil aircraft.