基于GIS的上海中心城区大卖场可达性与商圈定量分析

The Quantitative Analysis of Big Scale Supermarkets Accessibility and Trade Areas Delimitation based on GIS in Central Shangha

目前多数基于GIS的商圈模型与技术研究,未全面考虑交通网络、道路等级、网点吸引力与竞争因素.以上海中心城区大卖场为例,借助GIS技术平台,依托可达性方法、Huff模型与商业区位理论等,尝试综合考虑上述因素探讨了大卖场可达性与商圈特征.采用了行进成本分析法测试卖场的可达性与基于可达性的商圈,并在此基础上,根据Huff模型叠加了卖场吸引力因素,得到基于Huff模型商圈.结果表明,上海中心城区整体可达性较高,浦西优于浦东,5～15 min卖场可达面积比重最大.

Recently most relative quantitative modeling study on retail location did not simultaneously consider those factors including traffic network, traffic grade, store attraction and competition based on GIS. This paper aims at these shortages and attempt to integrate above factors and make quantitative analysis about large scale shops based on accessibility method, Huff model and GIS technique. This study takes the large scale supermarket of Shanghai central city for example. On one hand, make use of trip cost by GIS analysis to investigate quantitatively supermarket accessibility and visualize the results. On the others, simulate delimitating market area based on trip cost analysis and Huff model which can make received market area more close to actual instance and discuss differences and the same points between market area features of two methods. The result indicates that accessibility of large scale super- market in Shanghai central city is good, the west of city is better than east. Trade areas between inner loop and middle loop are smaller. Market size near out loop and inside inner loop is greater. Market scale of between inner loop and middle loop is smaller. There is polarization among shops＇ market areas and size. The above characteristic shows that the intense competitive market area coexists with the vulnerable competitive region.