从“颗粒无收”到“丰收成灾”——浅析1931年水灾后的政府决策对1932年粮食跌价的影响

From "Crop Failure" to "Superfluous Harvest" Analysis of the Relationship between the Relief Policy since 1931 and the Grain Overplus in 1932

1931年夏季,我国发生了很严重的洪水灾害,各地粮食大面积歉收,农业生产遭受极大损失,粮价涨幅很大。政府为了平粜赈灾,借贷了一批美麦,国外的粮食也在此时大量进口,缓解了粮食危机。但是到了1932年粮食收获的时候,各地粮价大幅下跌,使农民损失非常严重,增产却反而减收,出现了"丰收成灾"的奇怪现象。本文结合当时的实际情况,通过对1931年救灾时政府关于粮食的决策进行分析,揭露这次粮食跌价背后的真正推手。

In 1931, there happened a huge ＂Crop Failure＂ in China because of the very serious flood. The Kuomingdang government borrowed some wheat from American to make up the agriculture loss. But next year, after the grain had been reaped, there take place another terrible ＂Superfluous Harvest＂ inversely. This paper will uncover the reason of the monstrous phenomenon.