无偿献血者快速筛查不合格原因分析及招募策略

Study on the Reasons of Unqualified Voluntary Blood Donors in Quick Screening Test and Recruiting Strategy

目的分析深圳市龙岗区血站无偿献血人群筛查不合格原因,提出适合该地区的招募策略。方法回顾性分析2011年1～12月无偿献血者乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)献血前筛查的不合格结果。结果①初次献血者ALT不合格率为10.28%,重复献血者不合格率为9.65%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);初次献血者HBsAg不合格率(4.32%)明显高于重复献血者不合格率(0.21%),两者具有差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。②献血者男性多于女性(3.32∶1),ALT和HBsAg不合格率男性均高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。③ALT在18～25岁、26～35岁、36～45岁和46～55岁各年龄组中不合格率分别是7.30%、12.08%、11.07%和7.35%;体质量>80kg的献血者ALT不合格率高达21.68%;不同季节中4～6月份ALT合格率最高(6.12%)。结论该地区18～25岁无偿献血者合格率最高,是理想的招募对象;女性无偿献血者比率较低,应加强宣传教育;肥胖、生活不规律人群不是理想的招募对象。

Objectives To find out an effective recruiting strategy by analyzing the reasons for disqualification of blood screen results among voluntary blood donors recruited in Shenzhen. Methods The disqualification of blood donors screening for ALT and HBsAg were retrospectively analyzed during 2011. Results ①The abnormal ALT rate of the initial voluntary blood donors was 10. 28% , and the repeated donors was 9.65%, without statistical difference （P〉0.05）. The disqualification rate of HBsAg for the initial voluntary blood donors （4.32%） was ap- parently higher than the repeated donors（0.21%）, there was statistical difference （P〈0.01）. ②The number of male was more than the female （3.32 ： 1）, and the disqualification rate of HBsAg for the male was higher than that of the female （P〈0.01）. ③The disqualification rates of ALT were 7.30% .12.08%.11. 07% and 7.35% for the voluntary blood donors in 18--25, 26--35, 36-45 and 46-55 years old respectively. The disqualification rates of ALT reached up to 21.68% for the ones whose weights were more than 80 kg. For different seasons, the qualification rate was highest in months of April to June. Conclusions The qualification rate of the voluntary blood donors aged 18-25 is the high- est, and they are the ideal recruiting objects. The female rate of the voluntary blood donors is lower, We should strengthen the propaganda. The one who are obesity and whose life are not law are not voluntary blood donors for ideal.