人工流产的现状分析与干预措施探讨

Abortion Analysis and Interventions

目的调查分析人工流产妇女一般状况及避孕知识、避孕措施及其影响因素。探讨相关干预措施。方法对2012年2月1日至2012年6月20日期间在岳阳市妇幼保健院妇科门诊进行人工流产的896名妇女由专门医师进行统一的问卷调查,采取现场指导填写,现场收回的形式,去除信息不全问卷36份,共得合格调查表860份,对其相关因素进行描述性分析。结果 860例接受问卷调查者年龄最小15岁,最大62岁,年龄在20～29岁者占54.2%,月收入2000元以下者占50.3%,初中及以下文化程度占47.1%,农民及无职流动人员占62.6%,未婚人流占30.9%,重复人流占73.5%,瘢痕子宫人流者占31.5%,避孕失败者人流者占37.3%,未采取避孕措施人流者占62.7%,计划生育与避孕相关知识回答得分6分及以上者占36.06%(6分为及格)。结论本地区人工流产形式严峻,具有年龄轻、未婚人流及重复人流比例高,农民与无职流动人口人流多,人流人群计划生育与避孕相关知识知晓率低的特点。建议通过关注重点人群,特别是未婚未育及低收入流动人群、低学历人群,加强健康教育,提高避孕意识,开展人流术后服务及人工流产的相关监控与科研工作以降低人工流产率,促进女性生殖健康。

Objective To investigate and analyze the general situation,contraceptive knowledge,contraceptive measure of artificial abortion women and its influencing factors.Discuss the intervention measures.Methods Take unified questionnaire to the women which have an abortion at gynecologic outpatient ofYueyang Mch hospitalfrom February 1,2012 to June 20,2012 by specialized physicians,take the field guide to fill in,take back thequestionnaire on the spot.There are 896 women participating in the survey,removing 36 questionnaire of the information insufficiency,remain 860 eligible questionnaire.Results The ageof the 860 patients from 15 years old to 62 years old,aged 20~29 years old accounted for 54.2%,the income below the 2000 yuan monthlyaccounted for 50.3%,the Cultural level below the middle school accounted for 47.1%,the farmers and unemployed personnel accounted for 62.6%,the unmarried women accounted for 30.9%,the women which have repeated abortionaccounted for 73.5%,abortionafter uterine-incision delivery accounted for 31.5%,abortion of contraceptive failure accounted for 37.3%,abortion without contraception accounted for 62.7%,score of 6 and above from questionnaires accounted for 36.06%（6 for a pass）.Conclusion The state of induced abortion in this area is serious,it has several features as follows： younger,the majority of them are unmarried and repeated,mainly to farmers and unemployed population,the majority of them don’t understanded the relative knowledge about family planning and contraception.We suggest to pay more attention on target group,especially the people who unmarried and with no children and low-income floating population,low education population.Strengthen health education and improve the consciousness of contraception,develop Post-Abortion Care,related monitor and scientific research to reduce induced abortion rate.