不同植棉省区落叶型黄萎病菌的培养特性及致病力比较

Cultural characteristics and pathogenicity of defoliating Veticillium dahliae strains in different cotton-producing provinces of China

近年来落叶型症状的棉花黄萎病对棉花生产的危害越来越大,为明确落叶型棉花黄萎病菌的分化特点,采用特异性分子标记方法,对我国10个主要植棉省区30个落叶型棉花黄萎病菌的培养特性和致病力进行了比较。落叶型黄萎病菌系在我国主要植棉省区已普遍存在,该菌系以菌核型为主,其微菌核呈放射状或环状。63.3%菌系的菌丝发达致密,其余菌系的菌丝较为疏松。落叶型黄萎病菌系之间的产孢量和致病力差异较大,产孢量变幅为3.7×107～18.8×107个孢子/mL;71.9%为强致病力菌系,25.0%为中等致病力。研究表明,不同植棉省区间落叶型黄萎病菌系的产孢量和致病力具有一定差异。

The damage of defoliating Verticillium wilt to cotton production has been getting more serious in recent years. In order to make clear of the differentiation about defoliating Verticillium wilt strains, the cultural characteristics and pathogenicity of 30 defoliating strains from 10 main cotton-producing provinces （ or regions） were analyzed using specific molecular markers in the current study. The results showed that the colonies of most defoliating V. dahliae stains were belonged to sclerotium type and the microsclerotium exhibited radial or concentric wheel pattern. There were 63.3 % strains with dense hyphae and the rest 26.7% strains with sparse hyphae. The spore production quantity ranged from 3.7 x 10^7 - 18.8 x 10^7 spore/mL among the defoliating strains. The pathogenicity of strains showed significant differences, with 71.9% strong virulent strains and 25.0% middle virulence. The results indicated that there were differences in spore production quantity and pathogenicity of the defoliating V. dahliae strains among cot- ton producing provinces.