温度对二点委夜蛾实验种群的影响

Influence of temperature on experimental population of Athetis lepigone(Mschler)

为了明确温度对二点委夜蛾生长发育的影响,采用室内人工恒温饲养方法,设置16、20、24、28、32和36℃6种温度,研究不同温度对二点委夜蛾各虫态的发育历期、存活率及雌成虫产卵量的影响,并组建实验种群生命表。36℃的恒温条件下,二点委夜蛾不能完成其发育史。在16～32℃范围内,二点委夜蛾各虫态发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,其世代发育历期在32℃时最短,为27.17天;世代发育起点温度和有效积温分别为8.69℃和604.45日.度。在20～32℃时,成虫寿命随温度的升高而缩短,且雌雄个体间无明显差异。20℃和24℃时单雌产卵量较高,为283.8粒和261.8粒,二者差异不显著。24℃时二点委夜蛾的种群趋势指数和内禀增长率均最高,分别为82.0和0.82。表明24℃是二点委夜蛾生长繁殖的最适温度。

In order to evaluate the effects of the temperature on the developmental of Athetis lepigone （Mt^schler）, the developmental duration, survival rate and fecundity of A. lepigone were studied and the life tables were constructed at six different temperatures （ 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36 % ） in the laborato- ry. The results showed that A. lepigone could not complete its life cycle at 36 ℃. The developmental dura- tion decreased while the temperature was increased from 16 to 32 ℃, and the shortest developmental du- ration exited at 32 ℃ with 27.17 d. The development threshold temperature was 8.69 ℃, and the effec- tive accumulated temperature required for the whole generation was 604.45 degree-days. The lifespan of the adults decreased with the temperature increasing in the range of 20 -32 ℃, and there was no signifi- cant difference in terms of the lifespan between the male and female adults. The number of eggs laid per female was 283.8 and 261.8 at 20 % and 24 ℃, respectively, which was higher than that at the other temperatures. Innate capacity of 82.0 and index of population trend of O. 82 were higher at 24 ℃ than those at the other temperatures, indicating that the optimum temperature for the development and fecundi- ty of A. lepigone was 24 ℃.