硝氯基复合(混)肥生产的安全性分析

Analysis of Safety in Production of Nitrochloro Compound Fertilizers

概述了硝酸铵、氯化铵自身的安全性,分析了硝酸铵与氯化铵及其他无机肥料混合物的热稳定性、硝氯基复合(混)肥生产的安全性。分析结果表明:在硝酸铵系氮磷钾复合(混)肥生产过程中,在高温条件下,Cl-会促进硝酸铵分解,有机物、油类更是促进硝酸铵分解的重要因素;在生产中,尤其是硝酸铵溶解、熔融过程中,严禁混入有机物和油类,特别是在生产有机-无机复合(混)肥中,禁止用含有有机质的洗涤水溶解硝酸铵,在干燥过程中必须遵循"低温大风量"的操作原则,以防止硝酸铵分解而引发爆炸。

A summary is given of self safety of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride, and an analysis is made of the thermal stability of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and other mineral fertilizer mixtures and the safety in the production of nitrochloro compound fertilizers. The analytical results show that in the production of ammonium nitrate-based NPK compound fertilizers under high temperature Cl- will promote the decomposition of ammonium nitrate, organic matter and oil are also important factors for promoting ammonium nitrate decomposition; in production, especially in the course of ammonium nitrate dissolution and fusion, mixing with organic matter and oil is trictly prohibitted, particularly in the production of organic and mineral compound fertilizers, wash water containing organic matter is not allowed to dissolve ammonium nitrate, in drying the low temperature and large blast operation principle is to be followed, so as to prevent ammonium nitrate from decomposition and explosion.