美国阿波罗计划组织管理经验及对我国的启示

Apollo Program Management:Lessons for China's Large-scale S&T Programs

美国1961年实施的阿波罗登月计划是人类历史上划时代的科技工程。为实现登月计划,美国NASA创造性地建立了适应计划需要的部门管理体制和运作机制,并在计划实施中引入了系统工程的思想和方法。本文解析了阿波罗计划组织管理体系,分析总结该计划值得借鉴的组织管理经验,并结合我国科技重大专项实施中的问题,提出优化我国科技重大专项实施的建议。

The Apollo program which landed a team of American astronauts on the Moon is generally considered as the greatest technological endeavors in the history of mankind. In order to achieve this, managerial efforts were made by NASA, including reforms on management system and operational mechanisms, and the use of system engineering methods. Based on the research into Apollo program management, its best management practices are summarized,with some reflections on China＇s ongoing National large-scale S＆T Programs.