卫星点波束天线的多目标指向优化研究

Research on Optimization of Spot-Beam Satellite Antenna Pointing to Multi-Targets

卫星天线波束常常需要同时覆盖特定区域内多个目标,为保证目标接收卫星信号的增益要求,需对其指向进行优化。以我国某卫星点波束天线为研究对象,将天线功率辐射模型引入卫星指向计算模型中,完成了指向目标的增益计算。运用最优化原理分析了多目标指向增益优化模型,在无约束条件下,指向增益最优点在标称三目标构成的三角形重心位置;有约束条件下,最优点在满足相应约束下偏离无约束最优点。多目标指向优化理论研究对点波束天线的高精度指向及确保目标的通信特性提供了适用的工程模型,具有极强的工程应用价值。

Satellite antenna beam often needs to cover multiple-targets within a specific area at the same time, so it needs to optimize their pointing to meet the demand of target received satellite signals. Based on the study of satellite spot beam antenna, an antenna power radiation model is introduced into calculation model of satellite pointing to complete the gain calculation of a pointing target. The optimization principle is used to analyze the optimization model of the multi-target pointing gain and get the conclusion that for three targets, the optimum point of pointing gain is the barycenter of the triangle formed by the three targets under the unconstrained conditions, and the optimum point of gain deviates from the unconstrained optimum point under corresponding constrained conditions. The research of multiple-target pointing optimization provides a applicable model for ensuring a higher pointing accuracy of antenna beam and communication characteristics of targets, and has a strong engineering application value.