高速列车空气动力制动装置气动噪声的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Noise Based on the Brake Device of High Speed Trains

针对带空气动力制动装置高速列车气动噪声问题,采用纳维斯托克斯方程、基于标准k-ε模型模拟高速列车外流场,利用Lighthill-Curle声学比拟理论预测高速列车空气动力制动装置诱发的气动噪声。应用Fluent软件对高速列车空气动力制动装置的外流场和气动噪声进行数值模拟,分别针对空气动力制动装置的不同形状、不同安装位置以及不同速度这3种情况,对其表面噪声源进行研究、计算和分析。结果表明,高速列车空气动力制动装置的气动噪声源分布满足基本规律,在噪声允许范围内,此装置合理的形状设计以及恰当的安装位置,对降低气动噪声有一定作用。计算结果为工程设计人员提供了有力的参考依据。

To study the aerodynamic noise produced by aerodynamic brake device designed for high speed trains,Navier-Stokes equation and the standard k-ε turbulent model were used to simulate the outflow field of high-speed train first,then Lighthill-Curle acoustic theory was used to calculate the aerodynamic noise power. These simulations were implemented with Fluent software. The influence of different shapes, dif- ferent installation positions and different speeds was simulated and analyzed respectively. The results show that the distribution of aerodynamic noise source meets the basic law and the size is in the allowable range of noise. Good design and appropriate installation position of aerodynamic brake device have an influence on reducing aerodynamic noise. The calculation result provides engineering designer with powerful refer-ences.