黄淮海平原农区农户空心村整治意愿及影响因素实证研究

Empirical Research on HouseholdWillingness and Its Caused Factors for Land Consolidation of Hollowing Village in Huang-Huai-Hai Traditional Agricultural Area

开展空心村整治是中国现代化建设中破解土地供需矛盾,推进新农村建设,促进城乡协调发展的重大战略。空心村整治必须以农户的广泛参与为基础,农户意愿是决定空心村整治成败的根本因素。以山东省禹城市为案例区,基于高分辨率航空影像和农户抽样调查数据,定量分析了空心村整治的农户意愿及其影响因素。抽样调查显示:27.1%农户无条件赞成空心村整治,59.9%农户表示依政府补偿而定,7.1%农户不赞成,5.9%持无所谓态度。农户空心村整治意愿影响因素的Logistic回归分析表明,农户意愿选择与户主的年龄、家庭子女情况、家庭收入构成、房屋建设年限、房屋建设面积、居住区位、承包耕地面积及村庄空废宅基地比例显著相关。农户的家庭特征是农户意愿选择考虑最多的因素;除农户户主年龄之外,户主自身的其他特征对意愿选择影响不显著;空心化程度越严重的村庄,农户赞成整治的可能性越大,而其他村庄环境因素影响不显著。传统农区空心村整治,应建立区域土地统筹配置机制,显化传统农区农村土地价值,减轻空心村整治给农户带来的经济负担;完善农户家庭利益保障机制,最大限度保护农户合法利益,消除农户的后顾之忧;制定空心村整治中长期规划,充分尊重农户意愿,分片区有序推进空心村整治。

The land consolidation of hollowing village is a grand strategy during the process of rapid urbaniza- tion in China. It might contribute to balance the land supply and demand, promote new countryside building and enhance coordinated development between urban and rural areas. Participation of peasant households is the basement of land consolidation of hollowing village. The willingness of peasant households is the most fun- damental reason why land consolidation succeeds or fails. In this study, Yucheng County of Shandong Prov- ince was taken as an example of traditional agricultural regions in this research. Based on aerial images and sampling survey data to peasant households, the willingness of households and its caused factors were ana- lyzed. 27.1% of total households agreed land consolidation unconditionally, 59.9% of them depended on the compensation from governments, 7.1% of them didn＇t agree and 5.9% of them with no attitude. The agree- ment probability of households had significant correlation with the age of the host, the characteristic of chil- dren, structure of household income, time of housing construction, area of housing land, residential location, ar- ea of contract farmland, and vacant housing land proportion. It was the structure of household and their exist- ing benefits that the peasant made decision depend on. The characteristic of the host had no significant correla- tion with probability of households except their age variable. There was higher probability agreement respond- ed to higher vacant housing land proportion. There were three important suggestion to develop land consolida- tion of hollowing village： （1） The mechanism of land-displaced between rural and urban should established, it can improve rural land values in traditional agricultural regions; （2） the system to safeguard household proper- ty should be established to protect peasants＇ existing benefits; （3） to develop a mid-term and long-term plans for land consolidation of hollowing village, and formulate developmental stratagem for different regional de- population process.