复杂环境下地铁施工安全风险自动识别与预警研究

Automatic risk identification and safety early-warning of underground construction under complex conditions

在地铁施工安全管理工作中,面临的一个突出问题是施工安全风险信息采集与利用不充分,施工全过程安全风险控制仍是一个"黑箱"控制。将信息技术用于地铁工程施工安全风险控制,主要包括:a.针对施工前安全风险识别,提出利用计算机技术从工程图纸中自动识别施工安全风险的新方法,从而提高地铁施工安全知识的积累、共享和重用;b.针对施工中安全风险预警,提出地铁施工安全风险信息融合与时空耦合的预警方法,有效支持动态定位和跟踪危险施工工序及部位;c.针对高风险特殊区段施工,开发集自动监测、实时预警于一体的地铁施工安全集成控制技术,将预警信息及时发送给现场施工人员,便于及时有效的采取施工控制和应急措施,保障施工安全。本研究成果在全国多个城市地铁建设中成功应用。

One of the most important problems in safety management of metro construction is the insufficient collection and usage of construction safety information, so that the safety control of metro construction is still ＂in the black box＂. Therefore, the presented research applies information technology to safety control of metro construction, which includes： a. For safety risk identification before construction, we proposed a novel approach to automatically identify construction safety risk out of engineering drawings with information technology. Then the safety knowledge of metro construction could be accumulating, sharing and reusing more accurate and effective. b. For risk early -warning during construction, we brought up an approach based on safety risk information fusion and temporal - spatial coupling for metro construction, which is able to effectively identify and track dangerous construction process and locations dynamically, c. For special sections of high risk, we developed the integrated control techniques of automatic monitoring and real-time early-warning for metro construction. The system send any early-warning information to construction workers on site, so that controlling methods and emergency moves can be applied in real time to ensure construction safety. The research achievements are successfully applied in the metro construction in Wuhan, Shenyang, Kunming, Zhengzhou, etc. in China.