山西省女子跆拳道运动员训练中身体适应能力与机能评定

Body adaptation capacity and function evaluation of female taekwondo athletes in Shanxi province

目的探讨山西省女子跆拳道运动员身体机能评定与运动员训练强度、成绩的相互关系,找出影响跆拳道运动员运动成绩的主要生化指标。方法在连续36 d的时间里对山西省跆拳道队4名女子运动员的血睾酮(T)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血清肌酸激酶(CK)三项指标进行跟踪监测,其中监测密度为4 d一次,于当天训练结束后3-5 min内肘部静脉采血。血睾酮(T)以磁分离酶联免法测定,血红蛋白(Hb)采用无毒溶血剂法进行测定,血清肌酸激酶(CK)采用酶偶联法进行测定。结果①4名队员血睾酮值呈现相近的变化趋势,训练强度大,血睾酮值降低,训练强度下调后升高;长期处于较低的训练强度,血睾值升降周期延长。②血红蛋白呈现与血睾酮类同的变化趋势,其值与运动强度呈负相关。③血清肌酸激酶与运动强度呈正相关,运动强度大,肌酸激酶值高。结论综合三项生化指标的变化规律,可知三指标均处于较高水平时运动员运动状态良好;而CK水平高,T和Hb水平下降时运动员呈现疲劳状态。由此可指导教练员及时掌握运动员体能状况,调整训练强度及训练项目,有效提高运动成绩。

Objective To investigate the relationships between body function and training intensity,achievement in Shanxi female taekwondo athletes,and to explore the main biochemical index for improving athletes＇ performances.Methods Blood was collected from the inner elbow vein of four female athletes in Shanxi taekwondo team in 3-5 min after training at the same day,and used to monitor the changes of blood testosterone（T）,hemoglobin（Hb）,and serum creatine kinase（CK） every 4 days for 36 consecutive days.Blood testosterone（T） was assayed by magnetic separation enzyme immunoassay.Hemoglobin and CK were determined by toxic hemolytic agent method and enzyme coupling method respectively.Results ①Blood testosterone levels of 4 athletes showed similar trends.When the intensity of training increased,the blood testosterone decreased.After training intensity reduced the blood testosterone increased again.The increase-decrease cycle of blood testis extended when 4 athletes were given low-intensity training for a long time.②Hemoglobin presented a similar change as blood testosterone.Hemoglobin level was negatively related with the exercise intensity.③Serum creatine kinase was positively correlated exercise intensity.The more intensity exercise was,the higher creatine kinase level was.Conclusion The results suggest that athletes are in a good condition with high level indices,and they are tired when the level of CK increases and the levels of testosterone and Hb decrease.These indices can be used to guide the coaches to know the condition of athletes＇ physical ability well,adjust the training intensity and projects for improving the performance effectively.