西妥昔单抗在结直肠癌中的研究与应用

Cetuximab in the Colorectal Cancer

结直肠癌在我国发病呈明显的上升趋势,由于其难以早期发现,患者在接受治疗时往往已经是中晚期,传统的化疗药物不能取得满意的疗效,并且毒副作用明显,患者难以耐受。分子靶向治疗药物以其低毒高效的特点在临床肿瘤治疗中发展迅速,为肿瘤患者个体化治疗开辟了新的道路。表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在结直肠癌中高表达,它是一种跨膜酪氨酸激酶(TKs)受体,与肿瘤细胞耐药及患者预后密切相关,针对表皮生长因子受体的靶向治疗药物——西妥昔单抗的研发成功为临床结直肠癌的治疗带来了新希望。西妥昔单抗(Cetuximab)是一种嵌合型单克隆抗体,可与肿瘤细胞上的靶向表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)特异性结合,提高肿瘤对化疗的敏感性。本文将就西妥昔单抗在结直肠癌治疗中的作用进行阐述。

The incidence of colorectal cancer （CRC） is dramatically increasing in China. Because it＇ s difficult to diag- nose early phase C1LC, patients receiving treatment for CRC are often already at the late stage. The efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs for CRC is limited, and patients are often unable to bear the treatment due to the severe side effects. Molecular targeted therapeutic drugs for cancer therapy have offered a new way to realize the goal of individualized treatment of cancer, as they are of low toxicity and high efficacy. Epidemaal growth factor receptor （EGFP~）, a transmembrane tyrosine kinases （TKs） receptor, is highly expressed in C1LC. High expression of EGFR was reported to be associated with tumor cell resistance and poor patient prognosis. The successful development of cetuximab, an EGFR targeted drag, has brought new hope for the treatment of CRC. Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting on EGFR. It could specifically bind to EGFR in tumor ceils, so that it can increase the sensitivity of chemotherapy. In this review we mainly focused on the ef- fects ofcetuximab on the treatment of CRC.