丙烯酸树脂增容膨胀型阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃作用

Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retarded Polypropylene Composites Based on Acrylic Resin as a Compatibilizer

采用力学性能测试、旋转流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、水平燃烧等手段研究了丙烯酸树脂(AR)增容聚丙烯/季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺甲醛树脂盐(PP/PPEMR)复合材料的力学性能、流变行为和阻燃性能。结果表明,AR用量为2.5～3.75份(质量份,下同)时,复合材料的熔体黏度最大,燃烧时可形成封闭性较好的泡沫膨胀炭层,阻燃性能最好。热分析曲线表现为热失重延迟,放热量减少,且放热温度范围变宽。这说明AR的羧基和PPMER的—NH2反应,减缓了材料的分解,复合材料的热稳定性提高;同时,复合材料的熔体黏弹性增大,有利于膨胀过程中隔热效果较好的封闭性泡沫膨胀炭层的形成。

A composite of polypropylene （PP） with pentaerytheritol phosphate ester melamine resin salt （PPEMR） with acrylic resin as a eompatibiiizer was prepared and its fire-retardant behavior was investigated. Rheological testing and scanning electron microscopy observation indicated that when the content of AR was between 2.5 phr and 3.75 phr, the melt viscosity of the composite was the highest. During burning, a foam char layer was formed. Thermal analysis and infrared spectra showed that carboxylic acid group of AR reacted with the -NH2of PPEMR, which retarded the degradation and leaded to a comparatively thermal stabilization of the composite. The higher the melt viscosity, the easier the formation of the foam char layer. Thermal analysis curve assumed that the heat release process was delayed, and the heat release temperature range was broadened.