N链接聚糖,癌症诊断的标志物(英文)

N-glycan,a biomarker in current cancer diagnosis

蛋白质糖基化是一种最常见也是最复杂的蛋白质翻译后修饰过程,是指蛋白质或脂质附加上聚糖的过程。糖蛋白的聚糖部分的重要功能之一是维持多细胞生物体细胞的稳态。糖基化过程在外界生物化学环境的影响下会发生改变,包括生理条件的改变和某些特殊疾病状况例如癌症,从而导致糖链结构的改变。目前由于传统癌症标志物灵敏度和特异度较低,导致癌症不能在疾病早期阶段被识别,寻找新的癌症诊断标志物成为癌症研究的重要方向之一。近年来,糖基组学技术的进步为深入分析糖链结构提供了有力条件。因此,寻找合适的糖基作为癌症诊断的新的标志物成为癌症研究的热点。本篇综述阐释了聚糖作为癌症诊断标志物这一研究方向的进展状况。

Glycosylation, links the glycan chains to protein or lipid, is the most common and complex post-translational modifications of proteins. One of the important functions of glycans is to maintain the ordered social life of each cell in multi-cellular organisms. Glycosylation is sensitive to the biochemical environment leading to the alternation of glycan chains under physiological condition and specific diseases such as cancer. Up to date, cancer and other lethal diseases could not be diagnosed at early stage because of the traditional marker's low sensitivity and less specificity. Recent years, the development of glycan profiling technologies has offered technology support for understanding the complex glycan structures and has increased great interest in applying the technology for cancer studies. In this regard, to identify the glycans as the potential biomarkers of cancer has become an important direction for clinical cancer diagnosis. This review summarizes the current research on finding the glycans as new cancer biomarkers.