单层壳体潜艇回波亮点声图像仿真和试验验证

Simulation and experimental verification of acoustic image of echo bright spots for single hull submarine targets

为了从水下目标回波声图像中获得尺度、要害部位等重要特征信息,提出一种将板块元分析和正交波束形成相结合来实现对潜艇目标进行回波声图像分析的方法,并对多波束系统条件下单层壳体潜艇的时间-角度回波结构和二维几何亮点声图像进行了仿真,通过目标表面高频亮区的分布解释了单层壳体潜艇亮点声图像的形成原因,最后利用湖上试验验证理论仿真结果。试验结果表明:亮点声图像可以反映水下目标几何亮点的分布规律,并在一定程度上反映目标的尺度和姿态特征;单层壳体潜艇回波亮点主要来源于艇体、指挥台围壳、艉舵3个部位。

To obtain the important information about the size and key-parts of a submerged target from its echo geometrical acoustic images, a new analysis method was presented which combined pla- nar element analysis with orthogonal beam-forming to deal with the echo acoustic images of the submarine. Based on the multi-beam system, the method was used to simulate time-angle echo structure and 2D acoustic images of bright spots for the single hull submarine target. The mechanism of forming two-dimensional acoustic image bright spots was explained through the target＇s surface high frequency highlight distribution. Experiments made on the lake verified the results of the theoretical calculation. The results shows that the characteristics of the size and attitude can be extracted to some extent from the geometrical highlight of the underwater targets, and that the bright spots of the single-hull submarine mainly come from the hull, sail and stern.