发育性髋关节脱位患儿母亲家庭护理知识认知和需求的调查

Investigation on the cognition and demand of home-care knowledge of the mother of children with developmental dislocation of the hip

目的调查婴幼儿发育性髋关节脱位患儿母亲对家庭护理知识的认知和需求情况。方法采用自设问卷，对68名行髋关节闭合复位术，并行“人类位”石膏固定的出院患儿的母亲进行问卷调查，总结其对患儿术后家庭护理知识的认知及需求情况，并分析影响因素。结果68名患儿母亲对家庭护理知识的认知总均分为（21．03±5．60）分，需求总均分为（36．00±2．73）分。不同文化程度、职业、居住地及患儿出院后时间的患儿母亲家庭护理知识的认知得分不同，差异均有统计学意义（F分别为5．464，2．794，12．446，3．684；P〈0．05）；患儿不同出院时间患儿母亲对皮肤护理的认知得分不同，差异有统计学意义（F=6．003，P〈0．01）；不同居住地的患儿母亲对家庭护理知识的需求得分不同，差异有统计学意义（F=5．311，P〈0．05）。结论护士应加强患儿家长家庭护理知识的宣教，特别应重视文化程度较低、工人农民等体力劳动者和非城市居住的母亲，同时应重视出院后0～3个月内的知识培训。

Objective To investigate the cognition and demand of home-care knowledge of mothers of the children with developmental dislocation of the hip. Methods Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 68 mothers of children with DDH who had closed reduction operation and were discharged with human position plaster immobilization. Their cognition and need for postoperative home-care knowledge was studied and influencing factors were analyzed. Results The average cognition score of 68 mothers＇ home-care knowledge was （21.03 ±5.60）, and the average demand score was （36.00 ± 2.73）. Mothers of different degrees of education, professionals, residence areas, children＇ s discharged time had significantly different cognition scores （ F = 5. 464,2. 794,12. 446,3. 684, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. Mothers from different places had significantly different demand scores （ F = 5.311, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Nurses should strengthen the propaganda about the home - care knowledge, especially for mothers who have lower degree of education, who are manual workers and who come from non-urban residence. Meanwhile, knowledge training in 0-3 mothers after children＇ discharge should be emphasized.