口内入路的颌骨牵引成骨技术

Intraoral distraction osteogenesis

目的 探讨口内入路的颌骨牵引成骨技术在牙颌面畸形矫治中的应用。方法 使用 6种不同类型的口内牵引器分别水平向延长上颌骨和下颌骨体 ,水平垂直双向延长下颌骨升支以及垂直向延长牙槽嵴 ,以矫正重度上颌后缩畸形、小下颌畸形、半侧颜面发育不全畸形以及颌骨缺损畸形等 ,共 12例。结果 12例不同类型的颌骨牵引成骨除 1例因牵引器故障 ,中途更换 ,另 1例发生下颌下缘骨折并发症外 ,无感染、成骨不良、骨不愈合及开等并发症 ,12例成骨及矫治效果均满意。结论 口内入路的颌骨牵引成骨技术是治疗诸多常规正颌外科手术难以满意矫治的疑难病例的有效方法 ,且安全简便 ,术后稳定性好 。

Objective To study the application of intraoral distraction osteogenesis in correction of various dentofacial deformities Methods From 1997, 12 cases with various dentofacial deformities were corrected by using 6 kind of intraoral distractor 3 cases of them were the patients with cleft palate who have severe secondary maxillary hypoplasia 4 cases with hemifacial microsomia, 2 cases with micrognathia and 3 cases with partial mandibular defect The maxillae were elongated from 10 mm to 15 mm, the mandibles were elongated from 15 mm to 25 mm, the vertical mandibular distraction was from 10 15 mm Results All cases were corrected satisfactorily and have no any complications In 1 case the distracor did not work during distraction and was replaced Another case the mandibular margin fractured after distraction, the rigid fixation was performed for it Conclusions The intraoral distraction osteogenesis provides a new method with many advantages for those dentofacial deformities that are difficult correct by using ordinary orthognathic surgery