水肥耦合对树莓光合特性和果实品质的影响

Effects on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and the Quality of the Raspberry Fruit Under the Water-Fertilizer Coupling

通过在田间利用防雨棚和测坑设施进行试验,研究水肥耦合对树莓光合特性及果实品质的影响。结果表明:土壤水分适度时适量增施肥料有利于树莓叶片净光合速率(Pn)提高,控制肥料施入可有效降低树莓叶片的蒸腾速率(Tr)和提高细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci);肥料适度时适量提高土壤水分有利于提高树莓叶片的净光合速率(Pn)和叶片气孔导度(Gs),控制土壤含水量有利于树莓叶片的蒸腾速率(Tr)降低和细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)的提高。在施肥水平相同的条件下,适中的土壤含水量有利于果实中有机酸、可溶性糖和SOD营养物质的积累,充足的土壤含水量有利于果实中可溶性固形物和Vc含量的积累。土壤含水量控制在32%以上,施肥量在460.95kg/hm2水平有利于树莓光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)的提高和午休时间的缩短;土壤含水量控制在26.2%以上,施肥量在270kg/hm2水平有利于降低树莓的蒸腾速率(Tr)和提高树莓果实品质。

Based on anti-canopy and measured pit facilities in the field,influences of different water and fertilizer coupling on the photosynthetic characteristic and the quality of the raspberry fruit was studied.The results show that： When the soil moisture was moderate,the Pn and Ci of raspberry leaf were increased by adding appropriate amount of fertilizer,and control the fertilizer applied could effectively reduce the Tr;when the fertilizer was moderate,the Pn,Gs and Ci of raspberry leaf were increased by adding appropriate amount of soil moisture,but not conducive to control the reduction of Tr.If the fertilization levels were under the same condition,moderate soil moisture was conducive to the accumulation of organic acids,soluble sugars and SOD nutrients in the raspberry fruit,and sufficient soil moisture were conducive to the accumulation of soluble solid and Vc content.If the lower control limit of the soil water content equaled 32% and the fertilizer reached 460.95 kg/hm2,it was beneficial to improve the Pn,Gs and shortened the time of midday depression middle level;if the lower control limit of the soil water content equaled 26.2% and the fertilizer reached 270 kg/hm2,it was beneficial to decrease the Tr of raspberry and improve the quality of raspberry fruit.