中国养老公共服务供给研究

A Study on Supply Level of Pension Public Service

随着我国人口老龄化问题的加剧,养老公共服务的供需矛盾日益突出。我国养老公共服务供给体系由物质性保障供给和非物质性保障供给两大系统构成,研究表明,我国养老公共服务供给水平较低、总体规模增长缓慢。2010年17项养老公共服务评价指标中,有8项指标呈现负增长状态,其中社区从业人员数量出现较大幅度下降,表明我国养老公共服务从业人员的匮乏。将60岁及以上的各省老年人口总数作为需求总体,通过构造养老公共服务供给的综合指数,可以分析我国养老公共服务的省际差异。我国养老公共服务供给水平的省际差异显著,西部落后省份的供给能力严重不足。养老公共服务供给问题已经成为中国面临的一个重要社会问题,构建一个公共服务型政府、建立健全社会养老公共服务制度是未来发展的方向。

With the aggravation of the aging population in China, the imbalance between supply and demand of the pension public services is sharper and sharper day by day. We study the Chinese pension public service composition of materiality and immateriality in guarantee supply through analyzing the status of pension public service, which has involved the aged population multi-demands. The results show that supply level and the overall scale of Chinese pension public service are relatively low. With 17 indexes as Chinese pension public service evaluation index system and 8 evaluation indexes present a negative growth, which shows that personnel involved in Chinese pension public service is insufficient. Total aged population of 60 and over in every province used as demand subject, we analyzed provincial difference through supply comprehensive index of Chinese pension public service. It shows that provincial difference of supply level of Chinese pension public service is significant. The supply ability in backward areas in western China is in a serious shortage. The supply problem of Chinese pension public service has become the main obstacle of the social development. To build public service government, establish and perfect social pension public service system, is the direction of the future development.