母婴同室和新生儿监护室表皮葡萄球菌植被动态的对比研究

A contrastive study of the vegetation of SE in the room of mother and infant and NICU

目的 为新生儿医院感染的预防和控制及治疗提供有效的措施与依据。方法 采用质粒图谱、质粒酶切图谱等质粒分型 ,结合对表皮葡萄球菌进行 β内酰胺酶 ,粘质测定等方法。 结果 鼻前庭标本 133份 ,SE检出率为 70 7% ,新生儿脐拭子的SE携带率为 42 2 % ;产房的新生儿、母亲、医务人员及母婴同室和NICU(鼻、脐 )的新生儿SE分别为 6 4 4%、5 6 3 %、6 0 0 %、2 7 3% ( 19 4%、5 8 9% ) ;新生儿出生后第一、二、三天鼻与脐带菌分离率为 32 1%、42 3 %、5 6 3 %等。结论 母婴同室优于专设新生儿病房。当然 ,新生儿SE粘质试验阳性率高是新生儿易发生感染的原因之一 ,加强母婴接触有利于感染控制 ,NICU的新生儿尽量缩短住院时间 ,产科应减少对抗生素的预防性使用 。

Objective To provide effective measures and evidence for the prevention, control and treatment of cases of hospital infection in the newborn. Methods Plasmid typing, such as plasmid atlas and pasmid zymogram, was adopted in combination with methods like the determination of βlactamase and mucilage of SE. Results Of the 133 samples of nasal vestibule, the detectable rate of SE was 70.7%, the SE carrying rate of navel swabs for the newborn was 42.2%, and the rate of SE of the newborn, mothers and medical workers in the delivery room and of the newborn in the room of mother and infant and NICU(nose and navel) was respectively 64.4%, 56.3%,60.0% and 27.3%(19.4% and 58.9). The separation rate of SE for the nose and umbilical cord of the newborn one, two and three days after their birth was respectively 32.1%, 42.3% and 56.3%. Conclusion The room for mother and infant is better than the ward specially set up for the newborn. Of course, the fact that mucilage test of SE in the newborn shows a high positive rate is one of the reasons why the newborn are liable to infection. Strengthening motherinfant contact is conducive to infection control. It is also imperative to decrease the length of stay in hospitals by the newborn as much as possible, reduce the prophylactic use of antibiotics in obstetrical departments and do a good job of sterilization when the newborn are gathered for baths.