混响环境下汉语语音知觉特征的实验分析

The experimental analysis on perceptual features of Putonghua with reverberation

根据混响环境下的汉语单音节清晰度实验,采用多维尺度和聚类分析的方法得到了混响作用下声母、韵母的知觉空间结构和层次逻辑关系。发现混响环境下声母的主要知觉特征是舌的发音部位(摩擦部位)和送气一不送气,其中舌的发音部位是声母最重要的知觉特征;韵母的主要知觉特征是起始部分元音的舌位。声母的清一浊特征和韵母的韵尾在混响环境下对语音知觉几乎不起作用。实验结果也揭示出语音的知觉特征与物理传递条件的相关性。

The perceptual space configurations and hierarchical clustering diagrams of Putonghua initials and finals were obtained by means of Putonghua monosyllable articulation tests in several reverberant conditions. Methods of multidimensional scale and cluster analysis were employed to analyze the similarities among Putonghua initials and finals. It is found that in reverberant environment, the main perceptual features of initials are interpreted as the articulatory place （fricative place） of tongue, the manner of articulation whether it is aspirated or unaspirated in the order of importance; the main perceptual feature of finals is： the articulatory place of vowels in the initial part. The voicing feature of initials and the coda of finals almost do not work for speech perception in reverberant environment. It is also shown that the perceptual features of speech are correlated with the physical transmission conditions of the speech.