两相一体式污泥浓缩消化(TISTD)反应器微生物多样性研究

Study on biodiversity in two-phase integrated sludge thickening and digestion(TISTD) reactor

针对课题组开发的两相一体式污泥浓缩消化反应器(TISTD),采用16S rDNA、PCR-TGGE等分子生物学技术,对反应器在不同阶段稳态下的内、外反应室中微生物的多样性和种群结构进行了研究.结果表明:TISTD反应器内外反应室中微生物群落均呈现高度的多样性分布,优势菌群明显,群落结构差异性很大,且外反应室较内反应室具有更多的微生物种群数量,外室是水解酸化的场所,污泥在外室经过微生物的水解酸化后进入内室,内室是严格厌氧的产甲烷场所;从反应器运行的不同时期来看,反应器中微生物优势种群呈现一定的差异,随着反应器负荷的改变,微生物的群落结构和种群数量也呈现出明显的演替过程,优势种群的功能地位处在动态变化中.微生物种群之间通过协同和竞争作用,形成了特定生态位的群落结构.研究结果解释了TISTD反应器同时浓缩和消化的工作机理,并为其推广、应用及优化调控提供了理论基础.

16S rDNA and PCR-TGGE molecular biology methods are applied to investigate biodiversity and microbial community structure in the TISTD reactor. The biodiversity and microbial community structure of different chambers of the reactor at different stages are obtained. The results show microbial community structure in the reactor present great biodiversity. The dominating microbial community is obvious and the microbial community structure varies greatly. The outer chamber has a greater microbial community population than the inner chamber, revealing that the outer chamber is the main place for hydrolytic acidification while the strictly anaerobic inner chamber is the main methanogenic place. Furthermore, different dominant population can be found in different reactor operating periods. With the loading changes, microbial community structure and population show a clear succession and the dominant microbial community is in dynamic change. Under the effect of synergistic and competition growth, a specific microbial community structure has been formed. The results further explain the working mechanism of thickening and digestion which provides a theoretical basis for the popularization, application and optimization of the TIST1） reactor.