平顶山市2010年麻疹疫苗强化免疫活动的分析

Booster immunization with measles vaccine in 2010 in Pingdingshan City,Henan Province,China

目的分析平顶山市2010年麻疹疫苗强化免疫活动的有关数据及经验,为加速控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对收集的平顶山市2010年麻疹疫苗强化免疫数据和现场评估资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2010年全市共摸底麻疹疫苗强化免疫1 043 294人,接种1 016 848人,接种率为97.47%;强化免疫期间,全市共报告麻疹疫苗相关疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverseeffects following immunization,AEFI)20例,发生率1.97/10万,其中严重AEFI 2例,发生率为0.19/10万;共调查了747 790名强化免疫目标儿童的免疫史,其中0剂次占1.01%,免疫史不详占3.81%;采取抽样调查方法对强化免疫活动进行了快速评估,全市共调查应种10 455人,实种10 146人,接种率为97.04%。结论我市首次实施的麻疹疫苗强化免疫活动迅速降低了目标人群的麻疹发病率,形成了有效的免疫屏障,为全市消除麻疹奠定了基础,同时也促进了全市免疫规划工作的规范开展。

Objec tive To analyze the data on booster immunization with measles vaccine in 2010 in Pingdingshan City,Henan Province,China and provide a basis for accelerating the control and elimination of measles.Methods An epidemiological investigation was performed on the data of booster immunization and field trial of measles vaccine in Pingdingshan in 2010.Results A total of 1 043 294 children were investigated,of whom 1 016 848 received booster immunization with measles vaccine in 2010,indicating an inoculation rate of 97.47%.During the booster immunization,a total of 20 cases of adverse effects following immunization（AEFI）,including 2 cases of severe AEFI,were reported,indicating an occurrence rate of 0.19 / 100 000.A total of 747 790 children as target population were investigated for immunization history,of whom 1.01% had no immunization history while 3.81% had uncertain immunization history.The booster immunization was evaluated rapidly by sampling investigation.A total of 10 455 children were defined as target population,of which 10 146 were immunization,indicating an inoculation rate of 97.04%.Conclusion The first booster immunization in Pingdingshan decreased the morbidity rate of measles and formed an effective immunological barrier,which laid a foundation of elimination of the disease in the whole city and promoted the regular development of EPI.