Toll样受体对病原真菌的天然免疫识别

Innate Immune Recognition of the Pathogenic Fungus by Toll-Like Receptors

天然免疫系统是宿主抵御病原入侵的第一道防线,在机体抗感染免疫中发挥重要作用。Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)是天然免疫系统最重要的模式识别受体(pattern recognitionreceptors,PRRs)之一,通过识别病原真菌的病原相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecularpatterns,PAMPs),招募特异接头蛋白,激活一系列信号级联反应,引发炎症因子、趋化因子等的释放和树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DCs)的成熟,发挥抗真菌感染作用。通过简要介绍宿主的TLRs及信号通路的研究进展,总结了目前TLRs对不同病原真菌PAMPs的天然免疫识别及信号通路研究现状,以期对进一步研究宿主天然免疫系统与病原真菌相互作用的分子机制提供参考。

Innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors （TLRs） are important components of pattern-recognition receptors （PRRs） of the innate immune system, which enable early recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns （PAMPs） derived from pathogenic fungus. This recognition triggers the innate immune responses to assure host protection through the induction of inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines and maturation of immune cells. By introducing the TLRs and relevant signaling pathways, the current research status and application prospects of the recognition of fungal pathogens and activation of corresponding signaling pathways through TLRs were summarized and discussed, and the references for the molecule interactions between innate immune system and pathogenic fungus were provided also in future studies.