薇甘菊萎蔫病毒寄主范围、传播媒介和危害特点

Host range,transmitting vector,and damage characteristics of Mikania micrantha wilt virus

薇甘菊(Mikania micranthaH.B.K.)是华南地区重要的外来入侵植物。本文从田间薇甘菊萎蔫病株中分离获得薇甘菊萎蔫病毒(Mikania micrantha wilt virus,MMWV)。在温室中通过人工摩擦将该病毒接种到9科27种植物上,发现MMWV能侵染其中的6科12种植物。利用透射电子显微镜观察该病毒颗粒呈球状,直径约30nm。MMWV可由桃蚜(Myzus persicae)以非持久性方式传毒。薇甘菊植株接种MMWV毒30d后,其茎的长度、叶、茎和根的鲜重分别比健康对照植株减少了75.3%、91.6%、79.5%和75.6%,被侵染的薇甘菊出现萎蔫、皱缩、叶畸形等症状。实验室和野外条件均观察到MMWV可以严重抑制薇甘菊的生长,利用MMWV控制薇甘菊的生物入侵有待进一步深入研究。

Mikania micrantha H. B. K. is an important invasive alien plant in South China. In this study, a virus named Mikania micrantha wilt virus （MMWV） was isolated from the invasive plant in the field, and a greenhouse experiment was conducted to inoculate the virus on 27 plant species of 9 families. A total of 12 plant species belonging to 6 families were infected. The electron microscopy observation revealed that the MMWV particle was spherical, with a diameter of about 30 nm. The MMWV could be transmitted by Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner. Thirty days after infection by MMWV, the shoot height and the fresh weights of leaves, stems, and roots of M. micrantha were reduced significantly by 75. 3%, 91. 6%, 79. 5%, and 75.6%, respectively, as compared to the control. The infected M. micrantha plants showed wilt, crimpled, and malformed symptoms under field conditions. Under both laboratory, and field conditions, the MMWV inhibited the growth of M. micrantha efficiently. The feasibility of using the MMWV to control the invasion of M. micrantha would be worthyto be explored further.