工业化、城市化交融发展的国际经验

International Experience of the Blending Development of Industrialization and Urbanization

纵观国内外政府和学界对城市化概念的解释,其共识可概括为"空间的城市化"。除此之外,其他对城市化的理解则可概念化为"结构的城市化"。从世界范围内的实证数据来看,自20世纪50年代以来,世界城市人口在急速增长,城市化率在不断攀升。另就联合国的预测,城市人口和农村人口将在2010～2015年间发生变化。关于世界城市化的经验,以英国为例考察工业化对城市化的支撑力度,包括对农村转移劳动力的吸收程度以及应对"城市病"方面的财力投入。

By reviewing the concept of urbanization from domestic and overseas governments and academia , a term can be summed up as ＂spatial urbanization＂. In addition, this paper conceptualizes the other understanding as ＂structural urbanization＂. If we consider the global urbanization from empirical worldwide data, there will be a fact shows since the 1950s, the world＇s urban population has growing rapidly and the proportion urban population has rising absolutely. But the forecast of United Nations reveals that the phenomena will change in 2010-2015. This paper takes the United Kingdom for example and tries to explain the extent of industrialization support to urbanization, including absorption of rural labor force and financial investment responding to the ＂urban diseases＂.