黄河流域第三副区坝系拦沙输沙监测成果分析

Analysis of the Monitoring Results of Sediment Retaining and Transport through the Dam System in Niejiahe Watershed in Loess Hilly and Gully Region

黄河流域第三副区聂家河小流域坝系工程布局以现有骨干工程为骨架,各级沟道自上而下逐段布设小型淤地坝、中型淤地坝和骨干工程,分级拦蓄径流泥沙;在其示范坝系的典型淤地坝上布设了降雨、拦沙及输沙监测点。监测结果表明:坝系工程抬高了侵蚀基准,稳定了沟坡,控制了沟床下切和沟岸扩张,增强保土保水能力,尤其骨干坝在坝系拦沙中起关键作用,能够快速有效地拦蓄径流泥沙,控制水土流失,是水土保持生态建设的重要措施,为保护下游河流安全起到了重要作用。

The layout of dam system project in Niejiahe Watershed took the existing key projects as skeleton.All levels of channel laid small and medium warping dams and key projects from upstream to downstream,as well as emplaced rainfall,sediment retaining and transport monitoring sites in its typical warping dam of demonstration dam system.The monitoring results showed that dam system raised the erosion baseline,stabilized the gully,controlled gully bed scour and gully bank expansion,and enhanced soil and water conservation capacity,so that the project could block sand,control soil erosion,protect farmland,and reduce sediment into the Yellow River effectively,which played an important role in ensuring the safety of downstream river.