河流生态修复研究进展

Research Progress of River Ecological Restoration

在河流生态系统普遍遭受严重破坏的今天,河流生态修复成为研究的热点。该文在广泛查阅国内外河流生态修复资料的基础上,分析认为河流生态系统的影响因素主要为水文条件、流域气候、河流地貌、河流的水力特性和水质,以及人类活动在传统水利工程、污染物排放、过量引水及农渔业活动方面对河流生态系统的胁迫作用。在明确河流生态修复概念与任务的基础上,对河流生态修复理论研究中的河流健康、河流生态需水、河流生态修复尺度与机理,以及河流生态修复模型进行了分析与综述。对河流生态修复原则及生态修复中的几个重要技术问题进行了分析与评价。最后提出了我国河流生态修复研究和建设中应特别关注的几个问题及发展建议。

The ecological restoration of river ecosystem has become a research hotspot because the river ecosystems were generally severely damaged.On the basis of broad access to the information of the domestic and international ecological restoration,the influence factors of river ecological system have been analyzed,which were hydrological conditions,watershed climate,river geomorphology,hydraulic characteristics of rivers and water quality.The stress of the river ecosystem which was forced by human activities in the traditional water conservancy project,pollutant emissions,excessive diversion of water project and fishing activities aslo was analyzed.On the basis of a clear river ecosystem repair concepts and tasks,several theoretical studies on river restoration have been analyzed and summarized,which were river health,river ecological water demand,scale and river restoration mechanism,and the model of river restoration.In addition,the principles of river restoration and several important technical issues of ecological restoration have been analyzed and evaluated in this paper.Finally,several issues were proposes which should be particular concerned in the research and construction of China′s ecological restoration and development proposals.