徽州古民居平面模数研究——以歙县为例

Research on Plane Module of Huizhou Ancient Vernacular Buildings:the Example of Shexian

本文结合中国度量衡史学者研究成果以及中国古代风水理论,对歙县(棠樾、渔梁和瞻淇三个村落)古民居的平面模数进行研究。在徽州古民居平面测绘尺寸的基础上,运用数理统计推算方法求取木工尺尺长的可能值,在此基础上,利用古代民居营造中的压白尺法对计算结果进行筛选,从而归纳出明清时期歙县古民居木工尺数值及其发展趋势与地域分布特征,并对其原因进行了初步分析。

This paper conducts the research on the plane module of ancient dwellings in Shexian （Tangyue, Yuliang and Zhanqi villages）,combining with historians＇ research on the Weights and Measures and feng shui theory of ancient China. On the basis of the plane size of Huizhou ancient vernacular buildings ,the writter calculates the probable chi of carpenter＇s ruler, using the Mathematical Statistics methods. Moreover, screening and comprehensive analysis of calculation results are accomplished with the use of Yabai principle in the creation of ancient residential areas, consequently, the development trends and the regional distribution features of the carpenter＇s ruler of ancient folk houses during the Ming and Qing Dynasty in Shexian are concluded, and the reasons are analyzed preliminarily.