离子液体催化癸烯-苯烷基化合成高性能润滑油基础油

Synthesis of High Performance Lubricating Oil With Alkylation of Decene-1 and Benzene Catalyzed by Ionic Liquid

采用Et3NHCl-AlCl3离子液体催化剂对苯与癸烯-1的烷基化反应和癸烯-1齐聚反应进行了研究。探讨了反应温度(25～75℃)和反应时间(1～4h)对烷基化反应和齐聚反应的影响。采用气相色谱、质谱和红外光谱表征了产物的组成和结构,按照石油和石油产品试验方法国家标准测定了产物的黏度、倾点和相对分子质量。结果表明,在实验条件下,烷基化产物和齐聚产物均为理想的高黏度指数、低倾点的润滑油基础油组分,其中烷基化产物为癸烯四聚、五聚物以及二烷基苯的混合物,该产物的黏度指数(114～158)高、倾点(-48～-56℃)低、相对分子质量(425～515)适中;齐聚产物(PAO)的100℃黏度范围19.4～29.6mm2/s、黏度指数范围138～164、倾点范围-48～-60℃、相对分子质量范围460～620。

The synthesis of high performance lubricating oil was studied by alkylation of benzene and decene-1, and the oligomerization of decene-1 with Et3NHC1-A1CI3 ionic liquid as catalyst. The effects of the reaction temperature（25-75 ℃ ） and reaction time（l-4 h） on benzene alkylation and oligomerization of decene-1 were investigated. The composition and structure of the products were characterized by GC, MS and IR methods, the viscosity, pour point and relative molecular mass of the products were determined according to national standards of test method for petroleum and petroleum products. Under the conditions of the experiment, the results showed that two kind products were of wanted components for lubricating base oil with high viscosity index and low pour point. The alkylation product was mainly composed of dialkylbenzene and pentamer, tetramer of decene-1, which possessed high viscosity index（ll4-164）, low pour point（-48- -62℃）, and moderate relative molecular mass（425-620）. The oligomerization product（PAO） with ranges of 100℃viscosity 19.4-29.6 mm2/s, viscosity index 138- 164, pour point - 48- -60℃, relative molecular mass 460-620 could be also obtained.