考虑多级覆盖衰减的双目标应急设施选址模型及算法

Bi-objective Emergency Facility Location Model and Algorithm Considering Multi-level Gradual Coverage

针对在重大突发事件下应急物资的需求量巨大以及对资源持续需求的特点,考虑设施选址的公平性、效率性及成本等因素,基于备用覆盖和覆盖衰减思想,提出一类应急设施双目标多级覆盖衰减选址模型,并基于MAT-LAB7.0设计遗传算法对模型进行求解;以一个算例验证了模型和算法的有效性,并比较了传统0-1覆盖与覆盖衰减的优劣,分析了覆盖衰减函数敏感系数、不同覆盖半径对模型目标的影响;结果表明:其模型为决策者进行应急设施选址决策提供了一个有效的途径;最后得出结论并给出了进一步拓展研究的方向。

In allusion to the characteristics of tremendous and continued demands for emergency supplies during large - scale emergency occurring, considering the factors of fairness, efficiency and cost for facility location , a Bi - objective multi - level gradual coverage location model was proposed based on the idea of backup coverage and gradual coverage in this paper. A genetic algorithm procedure based on MATLAB 7.0 was developed to solve the model. A computational experiment was a- dopted to prove the effectiveness of genetic algorithm, and performance of the traditional binary coverage and gradual cover- age was compared, influence of sensitive coefficient of gradual coverage and different covering radius to the objective of mod- el were analyzed. Result shows that the model can provide an effective approach for the decision makers to make the emer- gency facility location decision. Finally, conclusions and suggestions for the future research were given.