日本金融自由化与中国现阶段经济发展态势的比较

Comparison between the course of Japan's financial liberalization and the situation of China's current economic development

日本金融自由化的发展经历了20余年的过程,是日本经济转型中的重要影响因素.通过分析日本战后的经济、金融状况并在前人研究的基础上将日本金融自由化的发展背景与我国现阶段经济转型的背景相比较,认为两国在金融发展过程中的相似之处:一是经济增速变缓,二是政府政策引导,三是本币升值压力.以此为基础,继续分析日本金融自由化对商业银行的影响:一是部分非金融机构脱离商业银行体系而转向资本市场融资,二是商业银行业务量的减少促使商业银行降低存贷差吸引资金,三是银行业务模式转变使得金融自由化的进程得以实现.基于日本金融自由化发展过程的分析,认为其可以为我国现阶段正在进行的金融体制改革提供可鉴之处.

The development of financial liberalization of Japan has experienced a process of more than 20 years,which is an important factor in the restructuring of the Japanese economy.This paper analyzes the post-war economic and financial conditions of Japan,and on the basis of previous studies,compares the background of the development of financial liberalization of Japan with the background of current economic transformation of China.It concludes that there are similarities in the two countries in the process of financial development：first,the economic growth is slowing down;second,there is Government policy guidance in both countries;third,they both experience currency appreciation pressure.This paper continues to analyze the impact of financial liberalization on commercial banks in Japan：First of all,some non-financial institutions broke away from the commercial banking system,and turned to capital markets;second.The reduction in the amount of the commercial banking business prompted commercial banks to reduce deposits-loans surplus to attract funds;finally,the banking paradigm shifted and the process of financial liberalization finished.The above analyses can help us understand the ongoing reform and development of the financial system in China.