不同干燥方法对黄芩叶中黄酮类成分的影响研究

The Effect of Different Drying Methods on Contents of Flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Leaves

目的:比较不同干燥方法对黄芩叶有效成分含量的影响,优选黄芩叶的最佳干燥方式。方法:以比色法测定总黄酮含量,HPLC法测定6种主要黄酮成分:野黄芩苷、黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、芹菜素、黄芩素和汉黄芩素的含量,比较自然晾晒、室内通风阴干、烘箱鼓风干燥、真空干燥和微波干燥等5种干燥方法处理黄芩叶的优劣。结果:采用微波干燥的方式黄芩叶总黄酮含量最高,含量23.00%;野黄芩苷在黄芩叶中含量较高,其中以微波干燥最高(3.62%),真空干燥最低(2.77%);微波连续加热会导致总黄酮和野黄芩苷含量下降。结论:从成本、有效成分含量和实际操作综合分析,黄芩叶应采用自然晒干或自然晾干的方法。

Objective： To compare the effect of different drying methods on contents of active ingredients from leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis, and find out optimum drying method for S. baicalensis. Methods： The leaves ofS. baicalensis was processed by five drying methods including natural drying in the sun, natural drying in the shade, oven drying under 60 ℃, vacuum drying and microwave drying. Total flavonoids and 6 flavonoids constituents including scutellarin, baicalin, wogonoside, apigenin, baicalein and wogonin were determined by using UV and HPLC method, respectively. Results： The content of total flavonoids was the highest （ average content was 23.00% ） by microwave drying. The content of Scutellarin was higher in leaves of S. baicalensis, which was the highest by microwave drying （3.62%） and was the lowest by vacuum drying （2. 77% ）, respectively. However, the contents of total flavonoids and scutellarin were decreased by microwave in long time heating. Conclusion： On the basis of comprehensively analyzing, the content of flavonoids and actual operation, natural dry in the sun or natural air-dry method should be used in drying the leaves of S. baicalensis.