居家腹膜透析患者自我感受负担的质性研究

Qualitative study on the self-perceived burden of patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis at home

目的了解居家腹膜透析患者自我感受负担的真实情况。方法2012年5月4—24日以立意取样法选取成都市某三甲医院腹膜透析中心登记的居家腹膜透析的随访患者，采用深入法对12位腹膜透析患者生活经历中的自我感受负担的体验进行半结构式访谈，以内容分析法进行资料分析。结果共归纳出两个主题：情感的枷锁——疾病对家人的拖累、自我价值感的丧失、社会交往及活动受限、生活的无望；寻找与挣扎——给自己存活的力量、寻找压力释放的出口、对现状的释然。以上两个主题相互交替，出现在腹膜透析患者的生活历程中。结论持续性非卧床腹膜透析患者存在较复杂的自我感受负担，医护人员应持整体健康观，促进患者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the reality of self-perceived burden （SPB） of patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal Dialysis （CAPD） at home. Methods Semi structured interviews were conducted on 12 CAPD patients, who were chosen by purposive sampling from May 4 to 24, 2012 in one peritoneal dialysis center of Chengdu. And data was analyzed by content analysis method. Results Two themes appeared alternately in CAPD patients＇ life experience： Emotional shackles-disease as a drag on the family, loss of self-worth, dark clouds over the family, and hopelessness; Search and struggle-giving oneself the power to survive, looking for emotional outlet, and facing to the present situation. Conclusions The SPB of CAPD patients were relatively complicated. Medical staff should not only focus on patients＇ physical health, but also mental health and social function, in order to improve patients＇ life quality.