自然通风隧道内爆炸冲击波传播特性研究

Blast shock wave propagation characteristics in a natural ventilation tunnel

自然通风隧道节能环保,是当前城市地下交通建设积极采用的一种隧道形式。针对自然通风隧道的特点,采用数值模拟方法计算了自然通风隧道内爆炸流场,分析了通风口面积大小和炸药离通风口距离对隧道内爆炸流场的影响。研究表明在隧道内发生爆炸时通风口有泄压效应,通风口面积和离炸药距离增大均会引成隧道内爆炸冲击波到达时间延长和超压峰值减小。采用量纲分析方法得到了自然通风隧道内超压峰值衰减的计算模型,并利用计算数据拟合得出了超压峰值衰减经验公式。

Natural ventilation tunnels are constructed in many areas for their excellent behaviors in saving energy and environment protection. In order to investigate the characteristics of blast shock wave propagation in a natural ventilation tunnel, the flow field of chemical explosive inside the tunnel was calculated using finite element method. The influence of the vent area and the distance between charge and vent on shock wave propagation was analyzed. The result showed that the vent has a pressure release effect when chemical explosives are detonated in the tunnel; as the vent area increases, the shock wave arrival times become longer and the super-peak pressure value becomes smaller. Calculation model of the super-peak pressure attenuation was obtained using dimension analysis. An empirical formula for the superpeak pressure attenuation was fitted using the calculation data.