我国城镇居民和农村居民消费需求结构变化分析

On Changes of Consumption Demand Structure of Urban and Rural Residents in China

改革开放以来,我国经济持续较快健康发展,居民收入水平不断提高,居民消费向多样化和多层次方向发展。文章通过对我国城镇居民和农村居民消费水平和消费结构的综合分析,得出城镇居民和农村居民的人均消费支出大幅增长、家庭恩格尔系数显著下降、总体消费水平明显提高、消费结构趋于合理优化、家庭拥有耐用消费品升级换代,城镇居民和农村居民消费水平和消费结构差距有所扩大等结论。在此基础上,探讨开放经济条件下城镇居民和农村居民消费需求的影响因素及其相关政策建议。

After making an analysis on consumption level and structure of urban and rural residents,this paper concludes that per-capita spending on consumption of the residents has increased greatly,Engel's coefficient has declined,consumption structure has become more reasonable and durable consumer goods owned by households has been upgraded.Based on the conclusion,the paper discusses the factors influencing the consumption demand and comes up with relative suggestions.