汽车气动附件对气动力优化的数值仿真

Numerical Simulation Optimization of Aerodynamic Accessories on Vehicle Aerodynamic Forces

汽车气动附件在汽车上有很广泛的应用,对汽车的气动特性有显著的影响,常见的气动附件有阻力气动附件和升力气动附件。为研究汽车气动附件对气动力的影响,采用数值仿真的方法,分别以SUV模型和跑车模型为基础,对气动阻力附件和气动升力附件进行研究。研究结果表明:对于SUV车型,气动阻力附件能够有效地降低汽车的气动阻力,而由于SUV具备较高的车身和较大的离地间隙,顶部气动附件的作用较底部气动附件更加明显;尾翼的端板能阻挡气流向两侧的逸散,因而带有端板的尾翼能产生更大的负升力;双尾翼能产生更大的压力差,所以对升力的优化效果最为显著。

For the study of influence of aerodynamic accessories on automotive aerodynamic forces,the method of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) was used to respectively research the influence of aerodynamic drag accessories on a SUV model and aerodynamic lift accessories on a sports car.The results show that aerodynamic drag accessories can effectively reduce aerodynamic drag of the sports utility vehicle(SUV).Accessories attached on the upper surface have better performance than the ones attached on the bottom surface because SUV has relatively high body and large space above the ground.Side plates of the rear wing can improve the effect of the wing by preventing the air flow from escaping,and the double wings have the best performance because of the largest pressure gap.