2010年福建省福州地区0～14岁儿童哮喘患病情况调查

The prevalence survey of 0～14-year childhood asthma in 2010 in Fuzhou,Fujian

目的了解福建省福州地区儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素。方法采取整群抽样的调查方法，在福州市台江区和鼓楼区抽取12235名儿童，由全国儿童哮喘防治协作组统一制定调查方案，统一培训调查人员，发放统一的初筛调查表，筛选出的可疑患者经我院哮喘专家现场确诊的哮喘、咳嗽变异型哮喘及可疑哮喘的患儿填写哮喘调查表。调查数据使用epi-info软件录入，所有调查数据通过逻辑校验和双录入审核，数据分析使用SAS9．1软件。结果实际调查11738名儿童，应答率为95．9％，儿童哮喘总检出率为5．52％（包括哮喘、咳嗽变异性哮喘及可疑哮喘），其中哮喘患病率为4．13％、咳嗽变异型哮喘患病率为0．73％、可疑哮喘患病率为0．66％。两年患病率为4．02％。哮喘儿童男317例（65．0％），女168例（35．0％），男：女为（1．86：1）。结论福建省福州地区0-14岁儿童哮喘患病率较1990年和2000年显著升高。性别、个人过敏史和哮喘家族史是儿童哮喘的重要危险因素。

Objective To understand the prevalence,law of incidence and influencing factors of childhood asthma in Fu- zhou, Fujian. Methods Totally 12 235 cases of children were chosen to participate in the survey with method of Cluster sampling in Tai jian and Gu lou District in Fuzhou. The survey was conducted by the National Children＇ s Asthma Col- laborative Group, who developed a unified program, trained unified investigators and issued a uniform screening ques- tionnaire. The children who were diagnosed on-site as asthma, cough variant asthma and suspected asthma by hospital expert from suspicious patients were asked to fill in the questionnaire. All survey data were input with epi-info software. All survey data through the logic checkment and double audition were analysed by the SAS 9.1 statistical software. Re- sults The total asthma detection rate was 5.52%（including asthma, cough variant asthma and suspected asthma）in the 11 738 cases , with a response rate of 95.9% in this survey. The asthma prevalence rate was 4.13%, cough variant asthma prevalence rate was 0.73%, and the rate of suspicious asthma prevalence was 0.66%. Two years＇ prevalence rate was 4.02%.The cases of male asthmatic children were 317 （65.0%） and female asthmatic children were 168 （ 35.0% ）, with theratio Of male to female being 1.86： 1.Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in 0 - 14-year children now is sig- nificantly higher than in 1990 and 2000 in Fuzhou, Fuji- an. The history of allergy gender and family asthma are important risk factors for childhood asthma.