转型劳动力市场的分层与竞争——结合武汉的实证分析

Segmentation and Competition in the Labor Market during the Transformation——Based on an Empirical Analysis of Investigations in Wuhan

本文结合武汉的实证分析 ,认为外来劳动力和本地劳动力的收入决定存在明显的分层 ,户口登记状况及单位性质等对劳动力的 (工资 )收入产生着显著的影响。虽然这种分层继续在一定程度上对城市劳动力起着保护作用 ,但它同时意味着 ,随劳动力市场的不断开放 ,外来劳动力所具有的低成本优势 ,将对本地劳动力就业产生竞争与替代效应。另一方面 ,城市劳动力市场的保护性政策 ,导致劳动力成本的系统性差异 。

Based on investigations conducted in Wuhan, the authors suggest that there is a clear segmentation between non local and local workers, and that household registration and the nature of the work unit play a significant role in differences in income. Although to some extent this segmentation continues to protect urban workers, it also means that low cost, non local workers compete with and replace local workers in terms of employment. A policy of protection in the labor market has also led to a systematic differentiation in labor costs, and greatly weakened the competitiveness of local workers on the open labor market and the capability of state owned enterprises to create employment opportunities.