老年高血压患者睡眠不良原因分析及针对性护理干预效果观察

Dyssonmias analysis of elderly hypertensive patients and effects of reason-directed nurse care

目的了解影响老年高血压患者睡眠质量的因素，探讨针对性护理干预对改善睡眠质量和控制血压的作用。方法对在本院保健科就诊的老年高血压患者70例进行问卷调查并用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评价睡眠质量。分析睡眠不良的原因并采用针对性护理干预，比较护理干预前后患者睡眠改善情况和血压变化。结果55．7％的老年高血压患者存在睡眠不良。导致睡眠不良的原因中，精神情绪因素26例，占66．7％；其他依次为病理因素（17例，43．6％）、环境因素（10例，25．6％）、生活习惯因素（9例，23．1％）和药物因素（2例，5．1％）。针对性护理干预后，睡眠不良患者PSQI评分下降，收缩压及舒张压分别从（173．86±17．93）mmHg和（107．35±13．55）mmHg下降到（149．67±15．45）mmHg和（88．75±11．68）mmHg，均较护理干预前有明显改善（P〈0．01）。结论针对性护理干预对有效地改善老年高血压患者的睡眠质量，并提高降压疗效。

Objective To evaluate the factors influencing the sleep quality of elderly hypertensive patients and to ex- plore the effects of reason-directed nurse care on sleep quality and blood pressure. Methods Questionnaire was used to in- vestigate the factors of dyssomnias of elderly hypertensive patients and Pittsburgh Sleep QuMity Index （PSQI） was used to evaluate the sleep quality. The factors of dyssomnias were analyzed and sleep quality and blood pressure changes before and after nurse care were compared. ResultsDyssomniaswasfoundin55.7%ofallcases. After dyssomnias factor analysis, 26 cases （66.7%） had the factors of mind and mood. In addition, 26 cases （66.7%） had pathology factors; 10 cases （25.6%） had environment factors; 9 cases （23.1%） had habit factors; 2 cases （5.1%） had the drug factors. After reason-directed nurse care, average PSQI score of dyssomnias patients was decreased. Moreover, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were dropped from （ 173.86± 17.93 ） mmHg and （ 107.35± 13.55 ） mmHg to （ 149.67 ± 15.45 ） mmHg and （88.75±11.68） mmHg, respectively （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Reason-directed nurse care can improve the sleep quality and treatment effect for elderly hypertensive patients.