用霍尔传感器测量金属线胀系数

Measurement of Metal Linear Expansion Coefficient by Hall Sensor

金属线胀系数的测量是高校物理实验教学的一个重要内容,在工程设计以及设备制造等领域也具有重要的应用价值.传统的光杠杆法存在一些不足,比如引入误差的因素较多、误差偏大、稳定性不够高等.本文提出了利用霍尔传感器法测量金属线胀系数的新思路,先对传感器定标,得到传感器位移与输出电压的对应关系,然后利用传感器测量铜管随温度变化引起的微小长度变化,进而得到铜管的线胀系数的测量结果.该方法具有良好的稳定性和较高的测量精度.

Measurement of metal linear expansion coefficient was an important content in college physical experimental teaching. It also had important application value for project design, manufacture of machine, etc. The traditional measurement method of light leverage had some shortages, such as many factors of introducing error, large error, unstability, etc. In this paper, the new idea of measurement of metal linear expansion coefficient by hall sensor was suggested. First, the sensor was calibrated to get the corresponding relation of the displacement of the sensor and the output voltage. Then, the ti- ny length change of the copper tube which caused by temperature change was measured by the sensor, and the measurement result of the copper tube linear expansion coefficient was got. The experimental result showed that the method had well stability and high measurement accuracy.