变异理论与概念教学中正反例的开发策略

Variation Theory and the Developing Strategies for Positive and Negative Examples in Concept Teaching

概念的例子分正例和反例两种,正例具有概念所有的相关属性,反例减少或增加了一条或多条概念的相关属性。以变异理论提出的几种变与不变的范式为方法论基础,提出概念正反例的三条开发策略:正例开发的策略是相关属性不变,无关属性要变化;反例的开发策略是相关属性要变化,无关属性不变;相互匹配的正反例的开发可以互为线索,相互启发。

The examples for concept are divided into two types. One is the positive example which has all the relevant attributes of the concept; while the other is the negative example which will add or decrease one or several relevant attributes of the concept. Based on some of the variable and invariable paradigms proposed in the variation theory, this paper put forward three strategies for the development of the positive and negative examples of concept. The developing strategy for the positive example is to keep the relevant attribute unchanged and change the irrelevant attributes; while the developing strategy for the negative example is to change the relevant attributes and keep the irrelevant attributes unchanged. The development of the matching positive and negative examoles can be mutually employed and inspired.