缺素对压砂西瓜产量、品质及叶绿素含量的影响

Effect of Deficiency Nutriment Elements on Sand Watermelon Yield,Quality and Chlorophyll Content on Gravel-mulched Land

以压砂西瓜为材料,通过田间小区试验,研究营养液施用对西瓜产量、品质及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明院氮、磷、钾全量营养液增产率达34.2%,西瓜糖度提高1.84个百分点,同时增强抗病性;缺钾营养液虽然也有16.7%的增产率,但糖度降低0.40个百分点。利用便携式SPAD-502叶绿素仪进行压砂西瓜营养诊断,简单易行,伸蔓期SPAD值应控制在54～56,如果此期SPAD值低于该范围,则在坐果期适当加大营养液的施用量,SPAD值高于该范围,则适当减少营养液的施用量;坐果期SPAD值应控制在57～59,此期的营养诊断方法参照伸蔓期;果实生长盛期SPAD值应控制在58～60。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of deficiency nutriment elements on watermelon yield ,quality and chlorophyll content. The results showed that the yield under whole amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient solution increased 34.2%, the watermelon sugar content increased by 1.84 percentage points ,while enhancing disease resistance. Yield under potassium nutrient deficiency treatment increased 16.7%, but the sugar content reduced by 0.40 percentage points. Portable SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter could simply diagnose pressure sand watermelon nutrition. At extensor vine stage ,the SPAD value should be controlled from 54 to 56 ,this period SPAD value was lower than the range ,so that at fruit set stage we should increase the nutrient solution application rate. If the SPAD value was higher than the range,we should reduce the nutrient solution application rate. SPAD value of fruit set stage should be controlled from 57 to 59 ,nutrition diagnosis method could refer to vine growth stage. At fruit growing stage, the SPAD value should be controlled from 58 to 60.