室内甲醛污染与儿童哮喘关系的研究

Study on Relationship Between Indoor Air Pollution with Formaldehydeand Childhood Asthma

目的:探讨室内甲醛污染与儿童哮喘之间的关系,为进一步深入研究提供科学的理论依据,同时也为儿童哮喘的防治提供相关的建议与措施。方法:采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计,通过问卷调查儿童哮喘患者病例共50例,同时收集50例对照相关信息并测定100户研究对象室内空气中甲醛的浓度。结果:病例组室内甲醛浓度的分布在总体上高于对照组,且具有显著性差异(P<0.05);将室内甲醛浓度从低到高分为4个等级,4个等级的室内甲醛浓度均未超过国家规定的标准(0.10mg/m3);总趋势OR值表明在调整混杂因素前后,室内甲醛浓度平均升高一个等级儿童患哮喘的危险性分别为2.17倍和1.96倍。结论:室内甲醛浓度的升高可以使儿童哮喘发作的危险性增加,并存在剂量-反应关系。

Objective To study whether there was a relationship between the indoor air formaldehyde exposure and childhood asthma. Methods A case-control study was carried out to collect the information of the 50 cases and 50 controls. All subjects＇indoor air samples were collected and assayed for the concentration by standard methods. Results The concentration of formaldehyde was higher in cases than that in controls with the significantly statistical differences （P〈0.05）; After ranking the concentration of indoor air formaldehyde into 4 quarters, the concentration values in every rank did not exceed the Chinese national standard （0.10mg/m3）; The unadjusted total trend OR value showed that the risk of childhood asthma would be 1.77 times, and ＂after being adjusted by gender, age, nation, etc, the OR value was 1.78 with the indoor air formaldehyde exposure increasing each quarter of concentration. Conclusion The indoor air formaldehyde pollution could increase the risk of childhood asthma with dose-response relationship.