国外农村土地证券化研究现状、前景及启示

Current Status,Prospects and Implications of Foreign Rural Land Securities

研究目的:为中国农村土地证券化的深入研究和试点落实提供经验借鉴和现实参考。研究方法:基于文献综述法,从研究现状和发展前景两方面分析德国、美国和日本等市场经济发达国家农村土地证券化的产生背景、运行机制和保障措施。研究结果:摆脱小农经济、增强农业规模经济和资金保障是国外农村土地证券化的产生诱因;农村信用合作组织是土地证券统一运作的基础,同时很大程度上有利于农村土地的规模经营;农村土地证券化的发展离不开政府扶持,政府应采取多种方式给予农村土地证券化资金支持;相关法律法规的建立和健全是农村土地证券化运行合理性和规范性的保障。研究结论:中国有必要通过农村土地证券化试点,从现实层面验证其可行性和推广性。

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current experience and provide practical references for the rural land securities system in China. The method used is literature review, aiming to analyzing the background, operating mechanisms and safeguards of rural land securitization in Germany, the United States, Japan and other developed market economies. The study showed that 1 ） to get rid of the small-scale peasant economy and enhance the agricultural economies of scale and financial security is the general incentive of foreign rural land securitization; 2） rural credit cooperative organizations can promote the unitary use of rural land, and largely benefit the scale operation of rural land; 3） the rural land securities cannot survive without governmental support, therefore the government should take a variety measures supporting the rural land securities; 4） establish and improve relevant laws and regulations can guarantee normative operation of rural land securitization. This paper draws conclusions that it is necessary to verify the feasibility through pilot areas and then formalize the rural land securitization in China.