拿破仑战争时期俄国诗歌中的伏尔加河与涅瓦河形象

The Images of the Volga River and the Neva River in Russian Poetry during the Napoleonic War

在俄罗斯文化中,伏尔加河常常被认作俄罗斯和俄罗斯人民的象征,但另一方面,伏尔加河沿岸多年以来就是个多民族地区,包括很多非斯拉夫人和非基督徒。相应地,在18世纪的诗歌中,伏尔加河的形象也往往与这些民族的存在联系在一起,即,她并不仅仅是"俄罗斯"的河。而涅瓦河则经常被作为俄罗斯的象征。拿破仑战争之后,民族意识使伏尔加河在文学的书写中渐渐被去异族化,变成"母亲河",而涅瓦河逐渐失去了指代俄罗斯民族的功能。

In the Russian culture, the Volga River is usually regarded as the symbol of Russia and its people; but on the other hand, along the Volga have lived many ethnic groups for a long time, including non-Slavs and non-Christians. Correspondingly, in the 18th-century poetry, the image of the Volga was related to the ethnic groups, i.e. the Volga was not only a river of ＂ Russia＂ whereas the Neva was treated as a symbol of Russia. After the Napoleonic War, the national consciousness has removed the alien features of the Volga in literary works and turned it into a ＂ mother river＂. On the contrary, the Neva has gradually lost its function of representing the Russian nationality.